S.D. Savransky: Unselected abstracts of papers  (in English)
  1. American Physical Society Annual 1997 Meeting
  2. American Ceramic Society Annual 1997 Meeting
  3. QFD 1997
  4. TRIZ 1998 Int. Conf.
  5. ASME 1999 Design Engineering Technical Conferences
  6. TRIZ99Con

TRIZ: A Bridge Between Applied and Industrial Physics

Semyon D. SAVRANSKY (Section 1k log number 5066)

TRIZ provides a methodology for creative engineering design. TRIZ was founded by Genrich S. Altshuller in Russia. He and his co-workers analyzed about 1,500,000 worldwide patents. The major TRIZ principles are [1,2]:

1. All engineering systems have uniform evolution. Many other systems (economic, educational, etc.) have the same evolution trends.

2. Any inventive problem represents a conflict between new requirements and old system.

TRIZ comprises various systematically techniques to find an quasi-ideal answer to the inventive problem solving the conflict based on the knowledge of a system evolution. Usually the hidden root of technical problem is physical contradiction that is possible to resolve using the lists of effects. TRIZ experts use a knowledge base of applied physics to provide solutions to industrial problems .

Many companies around the world cite a phenomenal increase in the productivity and quality of solutions to tough engineering problems through the use of TRIZ.

[1]. G. S. Altshuller, B.L. Zlotin, A.V. Zusman and V.I. Filatov, The new ideas search: From intuition to technology. (in Russian) Kishinev, 1989, 381p.

[2]. S.D. Savransky, and C. Stephan, TRIZ: Methodology of Inventive Problem Solving. The Industrial Physicist (December 1996).


APPLICATION OF TRIZ FOR DESIGN OF NEW CERAMICS/GLASSY MATERIALS

Semyon D. Savransky

The methodology of inventive problems solving, known as TRIZ [1,2], is used for the innovative resolution of various technical and physical contradictions in the artificial systems. In order to overpass the problem it is often necessary to separate the contradiction in the space or time, that is possible to do with application of ceramic and compositional materials.

On the other hand, the TRIZ principles such as Su-Field Analysis [1,2] can be used for purpose of the materials themselves. Some examples of the novel design of ceramics and glasses for electronic applications will be presented along with the TRIZ overview.

References:

1. G.S..Altshuller. To Find An Idea,  Nauka 1986 (In Russian)

2. S. D. Savransky, G. Stephan. The Industrial Physicist, December 1996 


APPLICATION OF TRIZ FOR DESIGN OF NEW MATERIALS

Semyon D. Savransky

TRIZ is used for the innovative resolution of various technical and physical contradictions in the artificial systems [1,5]. In order to overpass the problem it is often necessary to separate the contradiction in the space or time. The composites are usually works good for this demand. I'll illustrate it based on the research of UHF materials [2] and biotechnological design of grugs in polymer.

On the other hand, the TRIZ principles such as Su-Field Analysis [1] can be used for purpose of the materials themselves. Some examples of new materials for electronic applications [3] and the novel class of superconductors - chalcogenide glasses and even melts [4] will be presented along with overview of the important parts of TRIZ.

References:

1. G.S. Altshuller. To Find An Idea, Nauka 1986 (In Russian)

2. S.D. Savransky, S.E. Sofroniev, Soviet Journal Physics. VUZ. 1988 V.31, N7 p.120-121. (In Russian)

3. S.D. Savransky, Soviet Patents # 997099, 1342277.

4a. S.D. Savransky, Physical Review B, 1995, v.52, p. 7434-7437;

4b. S.D. Savransky, High Temperatures-High Pressures, 1996, v. 28 (in press).

5. S. D. Savransky, G. Stephan. The Industrial Physicist, 1996, v. 2, December p.22-25


The 1998 International TRIZ Conference Nov. 17-19, 1998 Industry Hills, California, USA

Abstracts presented by TRIZ Experts to The 1998 International TRIZ Conference
 

Authors & Titles
Abstracts
Gregory Frenklach and Semyon D. Savransky

New Advantages of Cross - Fertilization of TRIZ and Some Quality Methods

TRIZ is as an essential ingredient for modern innovation, as quality is a key factor for success in customer satisfaction. Initial research has shown that the synergy from their cross-fertilization is very promised. If TRIZ and quality are necessary conditions, then what are goals ? We think that one of the most important target is design of products with 100% reliability. In order to achieve this goal we proposed and have tested a new method of diagnostic problems solving, that is discussed in this paper. The ten most important parts of the presentation can be highlighted as following :

1. Definition and brief discussion of diagnostic problems 

a. To find reason of the failure, which already has occurred and REMOVE it; 

  1. To expose all possible future failures, which might occur , their reasons, effects and PREVENT them; 
2. TRIZ Overview 

3. Brief description of important Quality methods for the diagnostic problems' solving 

RCA 8-D FMEA QRA 

4. Weak points of all these quality methods 

"Why and What" instead of "How" (passive approach).

5. A brief discussion of AFD as the first TRIZ based method which realizes "active approach" to diagnostic problem solving 

"How can it be done?"

6.Disadvantages of AFD 

Main: connection of TRIZ instruments isn't enough, because diagnostic problems are not classified.

7. Description of our methods for solving "a" and "b" types of diagnostic problems 

8. The adapted algorithm for diagnostic problem solving 

9. Interconnections between our diagnostic problem solving method and previously developed quality methods 

10. Instead of Conclusion - some ways of future research (extra-effect, yield improvement algorithm, etc.)

We will illustrate our diagnostic problem solving method with several case studies in semiconductor, electronic and tools industries for types "a" and "b" dilemmas. 

We think that our approach is very useful for design of new technique and technology with very high reliability, for yield enhancement, for preventive management etc. We are open to future evaluation of this method with companies in USA and Israel. 

Anna Sorkina and

Semyon D. Savransky

THE SOLUTION OF CONTRADICTIONS IN TRIZ EDUCATION WITH THE METHODS OF TRIZ 

A couple of years ago only some people abroad ex-USSR knew about TRIZ. Today TRIZ - a systematic methodology of inventive problem solving - is well known all over the world. TRIZ Experts have received a lot of requests to provide TRIZ training from many countries around the globe. Right now there are not enough specialists in TRIZ to meet the demands of such TRIZ training. Typical several days TRIZ workshops give you an opportunity to get some knowledge about TRIZ but, unfortunately, it is not enough to give you a chance to use TRIZ in your practice. Existing software does not help either - the programs were created for people who knew TRIZ already. Several years of our TRIZ teaching experience show that mastering this methodology requires serious training. 

That is why the group of leading TRIZ professionals offers the first and the only training of TRIZ at the Internet (see http://www.trizexperts.net).

So we have typical welter of contradictions, that can be resolved by well-known TRIZ recipe: "To separate students and teachers in space ". 

The training process likely must: 

1. Be important for a student

1.1. Form the training aim in a student.

1.2. Continuously support the motivation and progress. 

2. Be individual. 

2.1. Create individual-adapted textbooks.

2.2. Create individual training schedule for every student. 

3. Include direct and back relations between student and trainer

3.1. Give the information about student's knowledge and skills to a trainer.

3.2. Create such a system of testing tasks and their evaluation, what gives the most objective pattern of student's progress. 

All these requirements are executed in our training of TRIZ at the Internet [1]. 

We would like to mention that these TRIZ classes at the Internet are the updated version of the famous correspondence TRIZ program. Such distant studying was the only one chance to learn TRIZ in the initial several years of this unique methodology. TRIZ training by correspondence is still very effective and popular now. 

We have several very positive feedback results from our students, some of them have filed for few patents just during and 3 months after the TRIZ training.

[1] http://www.jps.net/TRIZ/triz0000.htm

Semyon D. Savransky

CONTRADICTIONS IN TRIZ
 
 

The contradiction concept is the main cornerstone of TRIZ [1,2]. In general, various contradictions can be separated into three major groups as shown in the figure and will be discussed during presentation. The consecutive reformulation of the contradictions, arouse by the problem, occurs during the solution of a problem in the framework of TRIZ. Each following contradiction makes our understanding of the problem better.

Types of Contradictions


 
NATURAL

Scientific Cosmological Fundamental

SOCIAL

Individual Managerial - Organizational Cultural

TECHNIQUE 

Technical Physical Mathematical

Usually a technical problem is NOT solved if its contradiction is NOT overcome. In contrast, a compromise trade-off solution is usually considered appropriate in TRIZ for various human-like contradictions. 

We will discuss how to find the solutions of various contradictions with TRIZ tools. 

The special attention in paper will be given to the Technical Contradictions that represent the conflicts between two or more sub-systems of the engineering system [1,2], and to some types of the Managerial - Organizational Contradictions that represent the conflicts between employees and production of a for-profit company. 

It is well known that the Technical Contradictions can be solved with the Altshuller's matrix [1]. The public domain matrix catalogues 39 engineering parameters on the axes "Undesired Effect" versus "Feature to Improve". The matrix's cells contain a few from 40 different principles that should be considered for improvements of one parameter without degradation of another one. A few attempts have proposed to increase these numbers, but some principles are not independent from each other. The possibilities to unite these principles and to explore number of the engineering parameters as well as weak and strong features of any contradiction matrix are discussed. Industry field-dependent tensors as a possible TRIZ future will be briefly described. 

On the other hand, the Managerial - Organizational Contradictions do not have a straightforward method of solution yet. Different approaches proposed in the framework of TRIZ performed in ex-USSR [3] and from Western research in innovation and management sciences [4,5] will be briefly described in the paper. 

1. G.S. Altshuller. "To Find An Idea", 1986, 226 pp. (In Russian) 

2. S. D. Savransky, "TRIZ" 1999, 454 pp. (In English). WWW TRIZ Journal, March 1998.

3. G.S. Altshuller, B. Zlotin & A. Zusman, V. Sibiryakov, L. Pevzner, A. Sorkina, S. Savransky, I. Vertkin - unpublished results and private communications.

4. M. Oakley "Managing Product Design" John Wiley & Sons, 1984.

5. H. W. Dettmer " Goldratt's Theory of Constraints" Quality Press, 1997

Semyon D. Savransky

Application of TRIZ for the search of new materials features


 
 
In the presented paper a few case studies performed by the author will be used to illustrate some major TRIZ ideas: Concept of Contradictions, Substrate-Field (Su-Field) Analysis and Evolution of Technical Systems[1,2]. 

TRIZ is widely used for the innovative resolution of various technical and physical contradictions in the artificial systems [1,2]. In order to overpass the problem it is often necessary to separate the contradiction in space or time. The composites usually work good for this demand. The author researches of UHF materials [3], glasses and ceramics for electronic industry [4] are used to illustrate the principles of resolutions for both contradictions. 

On the other hand, the Su-Field Analysis [1,2] itself can be used for the search of perspective materials . Some examples of new materials for electronic applications and the novel class of superconductors - chalcogenide glasses [5] and even melts [6]- will be presented along with the overview of this important part of TRIZ. 

The evolution of technical system is TRIZ backbone and can be presented as familiar S-curve for "Main Characteristic" versus "Time" [1,2]. Some trends of the evolution can be utilized for the formulation and selection of perspective materials. In this paper the author will demonstrate how to apply ideas of evolution of technical systems to the search of novel perspective low-k and high-k dielectric materials for sub-micron semiconductor chips (DRAM and microprocessors) [7].

References: 

1. G.S. Altshuller. "To Find An Idea", Nauka 1986, 226 pp. (In Russian) 

2. S. D. Savransky, "TRIZ" 1999, 454 pp. (In English)

3. S.D. Savransky, S.E. Sofroniev, Soviet Journal Physics. VUZ. 1988 V.31, N7 p.120-121. (In Russian), and the proprietary information of TRIZ Experts.

4a. S.D. Savransky, Soviet Patents # 997099, 1342277.

4b. Public information of West Coast Quartz Corporation. 1000 Corporate Way, Fremont, CA 94539, USA (http:// www.wcquartz.com)

5. S.D. Savransky, Physical Review B, 1995, v.52, p. 7434-7437;

6. S.D. Savransky, High Temperatures-High Pressures, 1996, v. 27/28 

7. S.D. Savransky, "Perspectives in dielectric materials for sub-micron semiconductor DRAM and microprocessor technology" - proprietary information of TRIZ Experts.

 

Semyon D. Savransky

NON-ERGODICITY OF A TECHNICAL SYSTEM 

Evolution paradigm [1] was introduced for biological problems initially by Darwin, and about century later for TSs [2] by Altshuller. The important properties of the technical systems (TS) evolve often through elimination of various kinds of conflicts with time t in accordance with the S-shape curve. The Ideality I concept is used for maximizing the value of the generalized quality metrics of the system (e.g., the total system productivity) while simultaneously minimizing total cost (components, design, labor and other prices) [2]. I represents the goal of TS evolution. In order to provide the right physical description for the TS evolution anybody should chose the appropriate mathematical apparatus [3]. It was proposed [4] to use Prigogine's ideas for this complex system [5] that are based on assumptions about conservation of ergodicity in a system. Let compare important facts occur in an ergodic system and in a TS: 
The ergodicity's necessary conditions Regular evolution of a TS
Conservation of the Hausdorff dimensions d for the invariant ergodic informational measure of a dynamically system. Time variations lead to change of number of actual sub-system, hence the Hausdorff dimensions d is not conservative metrics of the system.
  1. Accessibility of almost all phase space with the equal probability for the Lebesgue measure except for some sets with the zero measures. 
  2. Completely nondegeneration of full system's Hamiltonian and the energy equipartition. 
The transitions between any neighboring microstates Gi of the phase spaces can be separated by various energy barriers, so the probabilities of the transition Gi-1 Gi Gi+1 and the transition Gi+1Gi Gi-1 are different, even if the equal energy corresponds to the micro-states Gi+1, Gi, and Gi-1.
Positive value of the maximal Lyapunov's exponent 

Lmax=lim {t ->00 } {ln[Gij(t)/Gij(0)]}/2t 

i.e. the exponential divergence of initially close trajectories in the phase space .

If the long-term development observed in some systems meets the superslow change of the phase space ( |dQ/dt|> 0 ), then Gij = Gi - Gj decreases with time t and the maximal Lyapunov's exponent is negative.

Because of the complexity of the phase space of any macroscopic TS it is not possible to distinguish whether the different systems configurations correspond to true maximum or 'pseudomaximum', which are saddle points with a very narrow escape channel during an evolution. Hence, the necessary conditions for the ergodicity [6] are not applied to TSs because they are metastable or labile systems with finite time of life. That is why the attempts to describe the evolution of TSs from synergetics point of view [4] seems too oversimplified. 

Although the description of the model of evolution of TSs will be given elsewhere [2], we like to stress one of the major results of our studies. In case of the lack of time dependence of Ideality the S - shape evolution curve can be represented as so-called inverse Kohlrausch law [7]: 

I(t) ~ exp [(-t/t0)-] , 

where I is the measure of Ideality and t0 is the characteristic mean time of the system development, the Kohlrausch exponent dependents on a value of the driven force for some types of the movement of the representative point through the phase space. The occurrence of this law in non-ergodic systems could be connected with a finite value of the driving force parameter. The application of the last equation provide a possibility of more correct quantitative technical forecasting in many real situations.

REFERENCES

1.T. Kuhn, The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, University of Chicago Press, 1962

2. G.S. Altshuller. "To Find An Idea", Nauka 1986, 226 pp. (In Russian); S. D. Savransky, "TRIZ" 1999, 454 pp. (In English).

3. The Economy as a Complex Evolving System. Eds. K. Arrow, P.W. Anderson and D. Pines. Addison Wesley, New York, 1988 

4. V.G. Sibiryakov. & R.V. Radshun Journal of TRIZ 1997 v. 8, N 1 (In Russian)

5. I. Prigogine, I. Stengers, The End of Certainty : Time's Flow and the Laws of Nature, Free Press 1997, 240 pp. 

6. I.P. Kornfel'd, Ya.G. Sinai, S.V. Fomin, Ergodic Theory. Nauka,1980; K. Petersen, Ergodic Theory. Cambridge University Press, 1983.

7. S.D. Savransky, "Quasielastic Neutron Scattering QENS'93" Singapore, World Scientific, (1994)194 


RE-ORGANIZATION OF TRIZ CONTRADICTION MATRIX FOR NEW DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

Semyon D. Savransky, Solomon D. Tetelbaum

TRIZ Experts Fremont, California, USA E-mail: TRIZexperts@hotmail.com

The contradiction matrix is one of the powerful tools of Methodology of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) for conceptual design. This matrix catalogues 39 engineering parameters on the axes "Undesired Effect" versus "Feature to Improve". The matrix’s cells contain a few principles which should be considered for improvements of one parameter without degradation of another one. The idea of the matrix and its initial development was created and worked out by G.S. Altshuller in the process of research of about 40,000 patents with the so-called "strong levels of solutions" extracted from about 400,000 worldwide patents. G.S. Altshuller figured out also 40 types of inventive principles during patents studies in the 60's and 70's. Since that time this classical Altshuller’s matrix and its elements were reproduced in various TRIZ books and software packages without any expansion. That is why the classical Altshuller’s matrix cannot often be useful for design of new products and processes at the end of century.

The development of the matrix was continued by initially in the former Soviet Union and now in USA from the 1970's to present. It was shown that 40 initial principles can be squeezed to 36 independent characteristics. On the other hand, it is possible to show that all principles can be divided into common (that work in several engineering fields) and particular (that work in a specific engineering field). Often the common principles can be used during design only due to specific interpretation. Such separation of principles into common, specific and particular, and the investigations of patents allow to increase strongly the number of principles. Therefore the several new principles can be added into the matrix. Several new principles founded during patent search will be disclosure in the paper.

A number of the engineering parameters has also been significantly increased due to the patent research in Russia and last years in USA performed by TRIZ Experts. We also made a statistical analysis of the matrix's elements for various engineering fields.

The idea of specific and particular principles was extended to the set of industry field-dependent tensors. It is worth mentioning that a matrix works only with 2 parameters, while a tensor can operate with the same or higher number of the engineering parameters so axes become multidimensional. It is clear that the matrix / tensor cannot exist in some permanent forms, because new fields of technique and engineering will enrich the contradiction matrix/tensor, so we convince that TRIZ development needs.

The efficiency of design increase strongly due to application of the matrix or tensor that includes the specific and particular principles and new parameters. Design solutions can be obtained more timely, although tensors cannot be used as widely as the matrix. The possibility of creating the universal tensor seems reasonable and should be worked out.

The application of specific and particular principles is illustrated by several examples of inventive solutions in the field of heat exchangers obtained (particularly) by the authors. Other weak and strong features of any contradiction matrix/tensor are discussed. 


TRIZ99Con PROPOSED TITLES:

WORKSHOPS:

"Genesis of Ideality: A new method of the operational tool creation"

"Method for measurement of a company R & D department’s efficiency"

RESEARCH PAPERS:

"How to study patents in the framework of TRIZ"

" Application of TRIZ for grow of extra-large Silicon ingots"

"CONTRADICTIONS: a fresh view on the old idea"